The correct answers are The duke, to whom the stolen diamond belonged, refused to answer my questions and The maid, whom I interviewed in the library, claimed she saw nothing.
Whom is the object form of the relative pronoun who. It is used in formal registers as the object of a preposition (e.g., "to whom") or as the direct object of a verb in a relative clause (e.g., "whom I interviewed").
"To who" is grammatically incorrect because prepositions must be followed by object pronouns. "Whom was waiting" is also incorrect because the verb was waiting requires a subject pronoun (who).
Relative clause
A relative clause is a dependent clause that modifies a noun, typically introduced by a relative pronoun (who, whom, whose, which, that) or relative adverb (where, when, why). The man who lives in this house has not been seen for days. They split into restrictive (essential to the meaning, no commas) and non-restrictive (extra information, set off by commas).
The split matters because the comma changes the meaning: My brother who lives in Paris (one of several brothers) vs. My brother, who lives in Paris, (my only brother). Getting comma placement right is one of the highest-leverage moves at B2+.
Pronoun
A pronoun is a small, closed class of words that stands in for a noun or noun phrase. The main types: personal (I, you, he, she, it, we, they) plus their object (me, him) and possessive (my, mine) forms; demonstrative (this, that); relative (who, which, that); interrogative (who, what); and reflexive (myself, yourself).
Pronouns are how English avoids endlessly repeating names. The catch: their meaning depends entirely on context, so unclear pronoun reference (Tom told Mike that he was wrong — who's he?) is one of the most common writing problems.
Object
In grammar, an object is the entity a verb acts on. Tom studies grammar — grammar is the object. English distinguishes three types: a direct object (the thing acted on: Sam fed the dogs), an indirect object (the recipient: She sent him a present), and a prepositional object (introduced by a preposition: She is waiting for Lucy).
Knowing whether a verb takes an object — and which kind — is built into transitive and intransitive verb patterns. Pick the wrong pattern and the sentence either dangles or doubles up.
Preposition
A preposition is a small word that links a noun or noun phrase to other parts of the sentence — usually marking time, place, or relationship: in, on, at, to, from, with, over, under, between, during. The book on the table, We met at noon, She lives in Berlin.
Prepositions are deceptively small. Their meaning shifts dramatically by collocation (depend on, good at, afraid of), and their choice rarely translates directly between languages. Picking the right preposition is one of the trickiest, most idiomatic-sounding parts of English.
B1 | Intermediate
B1 is the intermediate level in the CEFR framework — the point where you stop relying on memorised phrases and start handling everyday English independently. At B1 you can describe experiences, explain opinions, and follow most clear standard speech on familiar topics like work, travel, and hobbies.
Grammatically, B1 means combining tenses with precision, building complex sentences, and starting to use passive voice, modal verbs for necessity and possibility, and verb patterns (gerund vs. infinitive). Knowing your level shapes what you study next: pushing too far ahead frustrates you; staying below your level wastes time.
Difficulty: Medium
The Medium difficulty tag marks questions and challenges in the middle of the difficulty range — typically suitable for A2 to B1 learners. Expect a single rule with realistic distractors, longer sentences, and contexts where you have to think before answering rather than reading off the obvious choice.
Filter by Medium when you're past the absolute basics and ready to consolidate. It's the level where most lasting progress happens — easy enough that you can finish without exhausting concentration, hard enough that getting it right means you've actually understood.