Used to
We use this expression to talk about habits or repeated actions in the past which we don't do in the present.
For instance: "I used to pass all these grammar tests with ease!"
Be
The verb be is the most irregular and most-used verb in English. It has eight forms — be, am, is, are, being, was, were, been — more than any other English verb. It works as both a main verb (linking a subject to a complement: She is a doctor) and an auxiliary (forming the progressive tenses I am working and the passive voice It was written).
Almost every sentence you'll ever speak or write uses some form of be. Master its irregular forms early — am/is/are/was/were/been — and the rest of English grammar gets dramatically easier.
Modal verb
A modal verb is a special class of auxiliary — can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, would — that adds shades of meaning around possibility, ability, permission, obligation, or speculation. I can swim (ability), You should rest (advice), It might rain (possibility), You must leave (obligation).
Modals are grammatically peculiar: no -s in the third person (she can, not she cans), no infinitive, no participle, followed by the bare verb (I can swim, never I can to swim). Mastering them is the move from describing facts to expressing how you feel about them — likelihood, necessity, recommendation.
Auxiliary verb
An auxiliary verb (or "helping verb") is a verb that combines with a main verb to add grammatical meaning — questions, negation, tense, aspect, voice, or modality. The English auxiliaries are forms of be, have, do, plus the modal verbs (can, could, will, would, should, may, might, must).
Auxiliaries are what let you build past tense (have gone), continuous aspect (is going), passive voice (was eaten), and questions (Do you know?). Without them, you can't form most of the structures you need beyond the simple present and past — they're the engine that powers half the tense system.
Habitual aspect
The habitual aspect marks an action as repeated or routine — something done regularly, not just once. English has several ways to express it: the present simple for current habits (I walk to work every day), used to + infinitive for past habits no longer true (I used to smoke), and would + infinitive for repeated past actions in a specific time frame (Every summer, we would go to the lake).
Knowing the difference matters because used to and would aren't interchangeable. Would needs a time anchor; used to doesn't. Get the distinction right and your past narratives stop sounding stiff or vague.
B1 | Intermediate
B1 is the intermediate level in the CEFR framework — the point where you stop relying on memorised phrases and start handling everyday English independently. At B1 you can describe experiences, explain opinions, and follow most clear standard speech on familiar topics like work, travel, and hobbies.
Grammatically, B1 means combining tenses with precision, building complex sentences, and starting to use passive voice, modal verbs for necessity and possibility, and verb patterns (gerund vs. infinitive). Knowing your level shapes what you study next: pushing too far ahead frustrates you; staying below your level wastes time.
Difficulty: Hard
The Hard difficulty tag marks questions and challenges aimed at upper-intermediate to advanced learners — typically B2 and above. Expect interacting rules, edge cases, distractors that look right at first glance, and contexts where the surface meaning and the grammatical answer don't match.
Filter by Hard when you're past the basics and want material that genuinely tests your understanding. These questions catch the gaps your textbook didn't — register-sensitive choices, exception cases, mixed conditionals, the difference between would have been and had been.